Chuyên đề ôn tập Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 - Verb Forms

 Chuyên đề ôn tập: VERB FORMS
A. THEORY (LÝ THUYẾT)
I. Bare infinitive: (bare) động từ nguyên mẫu không To
1. Sau modal verbs: Will. Shall/ should / could/ can / may / must/ might/ had better/would rather 
2. Sau make, let, help (sau help có thể có To inf). 
 Passive voice dùng to inf theo sau. Trừ let (But in passive : feel,...... +O + to infinitive)
3. Sau động từ chỉ giác quan:(verbs of perception): see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice 
 Vo (bare) hành động đã xong 
 S + V + object 
 Vo (ing) hành động đang diễn ra
4. Sau thành ngữ: to do nothing but + Vo (bare): không làm gì cả mà chỉ. 
 Can not but + Vo(bare): không còn cách nào khác. 
5. Causative form (Thể sai khiến): 
 S + have + object (chỉ người) + Vo (bare). 
6. Do anything/ nothing/ everything But/ Except + bare infinitive ( I can’t do nothing but smile)
II. To infinitive (V1) động từ nguyên mẫu có To)
 1. is used to express a purpose. Ex : I’m learning English to get a good job.
 to inf 
 S + V + in order f or object to inf 
 so as to inf 
2. is used after adjectives Ex : I’m pleased to see you. 
3. is used after interrogative pronouns : what, who, where, how, ...
 Ex : Tell me what to do.
4. is used after indefinite pronouns : something, nothing, anybody,
 Ex : He has nothing to do.
5. is used after some verbs : want, need, decide, refuse, offer, hope, fail, agree, tend, plan, arrange, learn, 
promise, afford, care, manage, attempt ... Ex : I want to buy that house.
6. rút gọn relative clause (Noun / pronoun + to-inf to infinitive) 
 Eg : I have a lot of work to do ( which I have to do )
 Eg: He was the first students to find the answer
 Rút gọn clause of result theo công thức sau (phrase of result) 
 S + V + too adj/adv (for object )+ to inf
 S + V + too + adjective + a + noun + infinitive
 S + V + adj/adv enough (for object)+to inf (enough + noun + to- inf)
7. It + take+ (object) + time + to inf 
8. Causative form: S+ get + object (chỉ người) + to inf
 * Một số động từ theo sau bởi To- ìninitive
 A) S + V + TO INFINITIVE ( TO + V )
- agree: đồng ý - aim: nhằm mục đích - appear:có vẻ
- arrange: sắp xếp - ask: yêu cầu - attempt: cố gắng
- bother: phiền - care: để ý - choose:chọn
- claim: công bố - decide: quyết định - demand: yêu cầu
- determine: định đoạt - fail: thất bại - guarantee: bảo đảm 
- happen: xảy ra - hesitate: do dự - hope: hy vọng
- learn:học - manage: nổ lực - neglect: lơ đãng
- offer:đề nghị - plan: có kế hoạch - prepare:chuẩn bị
- pretend:giả vờ - proceed:tiếp nối - promise: hứa
- prove:chứng tỏ - refuse:từ chối - wish: ước – want: muốn
- resolve: nhất quyết - seem: dường như - swear: thề
- tend: có xu hướng - threaten:dọa - volunteer: tình nguyện
 B) S + V + O + TO INFINITIVE ( TO + V )
- advise: khuyên - allow: cho phép - command: ra lệnh
- compel: ép buộc - enable: làm cho có thể - encourage: khuyến khích
- expect: mong đợi - forbid:ngăn cấm - force: cưỡng ép
- ask - emplore:cầu khẩn - induce: xúi giục
- instruct: hướng dẫn - invite:mời - intend: ý định (Trước khi rời đi, tôi đã gửi email cho cô ấy).
 + Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
 Ví dụ: Because I fail the exam, I don’t want to come back home.
 => Failing the exam, I don’t want to come back home.
 (Vì thi hỏng, tôi không muốn trở về nhà).
 + Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ khi động từ ở dạng chủ động:
 Ví dụ: The boy who stands opposite us is a millionaire.
 => The boy standing opposite us is a millionaire.
 (Người đàn ông đứng đối diện chúng ta là một triệu phú)
 • Sử dụng sau các động từ chỉ giác quan: smell, hear, taste, feel,
 Ví dụ: I feel uncomfortable seeing him.
 (Tôi cảm thấy khó chịu khi thấy anh ta)
 • Sử dụng sau các động từ: catch (bắt gặp), find (thấy, bắt gặp), leave (để cho ai làm gì) với cấu trúc
 Catch/find/leave + O + V.ing
 Ví dụ: I find him dating with her.
 (Tôi bắt gặp anh ta đang hẹn hò với cô ấy)
 • Sử dụng sau các động từ: go, spend, waste, be busy, come.
 + Go + V.ing: nói đến các hoạt động
 Ví dụ: go shopping (đi mua sắm), go fishing (câu cá),
 + Spend/waste + time/money + V.ing: dành/tiêu tốn thời gian/tiền bạc làm gì
 Ví dụ: I spent 10 dollar buying this shoes.
 (Tôi đã dành 10 đô la để mua đôi giày này).
 + Be busy + V.ing: bận rộn làm việc gì
 Ví dụ: Jane is busy clean her house.
 (Jane đang bận dọn nhà).
 • Sử dụng sau các liên từ: when, if, although, while, once
 Ví dụ: Once working at the office, you don’t have to go out during office hours.
 (Một khi làm việc tại văn phòng này, bạn không được ra ngoài trong giờ làm việc)
2. Past participle (Vpp)
Phân từ quá khứ hay còn gọi là quá khứ phân từ được tạo ra bằng cách thêm đuôi –ed vào cuối động từ nguyên 
mẫu.
Cách dùng:
 • Đứng sau “tobe” để thành dạng bị động:
 Ví dụ: The book was bought last week.
 (Quyển sách đã được mua vào tuần trước).
 • Đứng sau have/had để tạo thành thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành:
 Ví dụ: I have studied English for 10 years.
 (Tôi học tiếng Anh đã được 10 năm).
 • Sử dụng như một tính từ để chỉ cảm xúc của một người đối với sự vật, sự việc.
 Ví dụ: I was surprised about the party.
 (Tôi đã ngạc nhiên về buổi tiệc này).
 • Sử dụng như một tính từ hoặc trạng từ có nghĩa tương đương như bị động.
 Ví dụ: The police find the stolen car.
 (Cảnh sát đang tìm cái xe bị mất).
 • Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động.
 Ví dụ: Half of the people who were invited to the party left.
 => Half of the people invited to the party left.
 (Một nửa khách được mời đã về)
 • Rút gọn mệnh đề khi 2 HĐ cùng chủ ngữ và V ở dạng bị động
 Ví dụ: Tom was punished by the teacher so he felt very sad.
 => Punished by the teacher, Tom felt very sad.
 • Sử dụng trong các câu cầu khiến bị động:
 Ví dụ: She gets the house repaired.
 (Cô ấy sai người sửa lại nhà)
 3. Perfect participle (Having + Vpp)
 • Phân từ hoàn thành có chức năng là nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra trước trong 2 hành động. TRẮC NGHIỆM
Choose from the four options given one best answer to each sentence
1. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
A. leave B. to leave C. to have left D. leaving
2. Would you like _______to the party?
A. to come B. come C. coming D. to have come
3. It’s no use ______ those things.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. to be bought
4. I suggest ________ some more mathematics puzzles.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
5. Alice isn’t interested in _________ for a new job 
A. look B. to look C. looks D. looking
6. My computer needs _______.
A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired
7. The plants want ______________ daily.
A. to water B. watering C. to be watered D. both B and C
8. The man wanted to avoid __________ on security cameras.
A. to see B. seeing C .to be seen D. being seen
9. I have expected ________________ the secret of happiness.
A. to tell B. telling C. to be told D. being told
10. My father doesn’t allow me _______ in his room.
A. to smoke B. smoking C. smoke D. not smoke
11. Peter regrets ______________Marry’s birthday party
A. not to attend B. not attending C. not to be attending D. not to be attended
12. I hope she doesn’t keep us ________.
A. wait B. waiting C. to wait D. waited
13. Mow that were finished painting the house, there's nothing left_______
A. done B. did C. to do D. for doing
14. I can hear a cat ______ at the widow .
A. scratching B. scratches C. to scratch D. was scratching
15. “ Was the test long?”. “ Yes, John was the only one ____________ it”
A. to finish B. finishing C. finished D. finish
16. Please wait a minute. My boss is busy ____________ something.
A. write B. writing C. to write D. to writing
17. I got everyone in the family ___________ Jane’s birthday card before I sent it to her.
A. sign B. signed C. to sign D. having signed
18. _________ to the party, Nam was happy.
A. Invited B. To invite C. Inviting D. Be invited
19. The stockbroker denied ____________of the secret business deal.
A. having informed B. having been informed C. to have informed D. to have been informed
20. When first _______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. being introduced B. having introduced C. introduced D. introducing
21. ____________for twelve hours, I felt marvelous.
A. Having slept B. have slept C. Having been slept D. have been slept
22. ______ by the boys' behaviour, she complained to the head teacher.
A. She annoyed B. Annoyed C. She was annoyed D. Annoying
23. Today, the old couple has their family and friends _____ their golden wedding anniversary.
A. attend B. to attend C. attended D. attending 44. People always laugh at his funny face, he doesn’t like it
A. He dislikes being laughed at.
B. He dislikes laughing at.
C. He dislikes laughing at his funny face.
D. He dislikes to laugh at his funny face.
45. Are you against working on Sunday?
A. Do you object to work on Sunday?
B. Do you object to working on Sunday?
C. Do you object to be working on Sunday?
D. Do you object to be worked on Sunday?
46. She stopped asking for advice on how to lose weight.
A. She stopped to ask for advice on how to lose weight.
B. She stopped and asked for advice on how to lose weight.
C. She gave up asking for advice on how to lose weight.
D. She stopped because she wanted advice on how to lose weight.
47. It’s no use trying to persuade Tom to change his mind.
A. There’s no point to try to persuade Tom to change his mind.
B. It’s useful trying to persuade Tom to change his mind.
C. It’s worth trying to persuade Tom to change his mind.
D. It’s a waste of time trying to persuade Tom to change his mind.
48. She was the first woman in the Philippines. She was elected as the president of the country.
A. She was the first woman being elected as the president of the Philippines.
B. She was the first woman who is elected as the president of the Philippines.
C. She was the first woman to be elected as the president of the Philippines.
D. She was the first woman elected as the president of the Philippines.
49. Michael took a deep breath and dived into the water.
A. After Michael had taken a deep breath, he dived into the water.
B. Having taken a deep breath, Michael dived into the water.
C. After Michael took a deep breath, he had dived into the water.
D. A & B are correct.
50. He joined the army in 1998. He was soon after promoted to the rank of captain.
A. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1998 and joined the army.
B. Joining the army in 1998, he was soon promoted to the rank of captain. 
C. Promoted to the rank of captain in 1998, he joined the army soon later.
D. He worked as a captain in the army and had a promotion in 1998.